Chinese Putonghua (Mandarin) has 39 finals in total. Among these, 7 are single vowels (a, o, e, ê, i, u, ü) and the rest are compound vowels.
The compound vowels include 9 regular compound vowels (ai, ei, ao, ou, ie, üe, ia, ua, uo) and 4 triphthongs (iao, iou, uai, uei), plus the special final er.
There are 5 nasal finals with -n (an, ian, uan, üan, en, in, un, ün) and 4 nasal finals with -ng (ang, iang, uang, eng, ueng, ing, ong, iong).
There are 6 nasal finals (an, en, in, un, ün) and 4 nasal compound finals (ang, eng, ing, ong).
Note: In actual pinyin spelling, iou is written as iu, uei is written as ui, and uen is written as un when following an initial.
Some of these finals are similar to English sounds, while others are not.